Development of Technology Package

Oct 13, 2025 by talynt.org 135 views

Optimization of Arabica Coffee Production at Various Altitudes in Humbang Hasundutan Regency

Introduction

Arabica coffee, one of the most popular types of coffee in the world, has many factors that affect its quality and production. In Humbang Hasundutan Regency, which is located at an altitude of 1,200 to 1,500 meters above sea level, varied weather and climate conditions are a challenge for farmers. At present, important aspects of plant maintenance such as fertilization, pruning, and the use of shade have not been fully understood and applied by local farmers. This has an impact on the results of less optimal coffee production.

Background

Humbang Hasundutan Regency is a region in North Sumatra, Indonesia, known for its high-quality Arabica coffee. The region's unique geography, with its varied altitudes and climate conditions, presents a challenge for coffee farmers. The optimal production of Arabica coffee requires a deep understanding of the factors that affect its growth and production, including altitude, soil properties, and plant maintenance practices.

Methodology

This study aims to analyze the growth of Arabica coffee in various heights by applying the right aquaculture practices. The study was conducted at three different heights: 1,200 - 1,300 m above sea level, 1,300 - 1,400 m above sea level, and 1,400 - 1,500 m above sea level, during the 2015-2016 harvest season. The research method was carried out in two stages, namely the agroecosystem survey and experiment in the field.

First Stage: Agroecosystem Survey

Agroecosystem surveys include observations of plant agronomy characters, such as the number of productive branches, the number of dumplings per branch, total fruit per tree, and canopy diameter. The data obtained will be analyzed to determine the relationship between the chemical properties of the soil and the height of the place with coffee production. Factors considered in this analysis include nitrogen (N), carbon (C), soil pH, and the availability of phosphate (P) and cation exchange capacity (CTK).

Second Stage: Experiments in the Field

In the second stage, field trials are carried out by testing the interaction between the condition of the shade, pruning, and fertilizing. The three factors tested include shade (without shade and shaded), pruning (farmer system and recommendation), as well as type of fertilizer (manure, coffee pulp compost, and phosphate fertilizer). Observations were made on the growth and production of coffee plants for one year, using a split-plot plot design.

Research Findings

The results showed several important findings:

Correlation of Altitude and Coffee Production: There is a significant relationship between the height of the place and some of the chemical properties of the soil. In non-shaded conditions, the content of N, C, PH, and K correlates negatively with an increase in height, while the CTK and P have a positive relationship.
Treatment Interaction: Growth and Production of Arabica Coffee Plants is influenced by the interaction between shade, pruning, and fertilizing. Good vegetative growth occurs in non-shaded conditions with pruning and organic fertilizer, but the best production results are obtained in a shaded condition with pruning recommendations.
Optimal Technology Package: Each altitude zone has a different technology package. For the 1,200-1,300 m above sea level zone, the combination of farmers and coffee pulp compost fertilizer is the best. Meanwhile, at an altitude of 1,400-1,500 m above sea level, the use of shade with the trimming of the farmer system and phosphate fertilizer provides optimal production results.

4 Coffee that Grows in a Loop Condition has a Higher Flavor Score: Compared to unbelievable coffee, shows its quality as a specialty coffee.

Conclusion

Optimization of Arabica coffee production in Humbang Hasundutan Regency requires understanding and application of proper aquaculture practices. By applying a technology package that matches the height of the place, farmers can increase the productivity and quality of the coffee produced. This research provides important insights for farmers and related parties in an effort to improve coffee agricultural output in this area. Through a sustainable and research-based approach, it is hoped that Arabica coffee from Humbang Hasundutan can compete in the global market and provide greater economic benefits for local farmers.

Recommendations

Based on the findings of this study, the following recommendations are made:

Development of Technology Package: A technology package that matches the height of the place should be developed and implemented by farmers.
Improvement of Soil Properties: Soil properties should be improved through the application of organic fertilizers and shade management.
Pruning and Fertilizing: Pruning and fertilizing practices should be implemented based on the optimal technology package for each altitude zone.
Coffee Quality Improvement: Coffee quality should be improved through the implementation of good agricultural practices and post-harvest handling.

Future Research Directions

Future research should focus on the following areas:

Long-term Effects of Technology Package: The long-term effects of the technology package on coffee production and quality should be studied.
Impact of Climate Change: The impact of climate change on coffee production and quality in Humbang Hasundutan Regency should be studied.
Economic Benefits: The economic benefits of implementing the technology package and good agricultural practices should be studied.

By implementing the recommendations and future research directions, it is hoped that Arabica coffee production in Humbang Hasundutan Regency can be optimized, and the economic benefits for local farmers can be increased.
Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs) about Optimization of Arabica Coffee Production at Various Altitudes in Humbang Hasundutan Regency

Q: What is the main objective of this study?

A: The main objective of this study is to analyze the growth of Arabica coffee in various heights by applying the right aquaculture practices and to determine the optimal technology package for each altitude zone.

Q: What are the factors that affect Arabica coffee production?

A: The factors that affect Arabica coffee production include altitude, soil properties, plant maintenance practices, and climate conditions.

Q: What are the optimal technology packages for each altitude zone?

A: The optimal technology packages for each altitude zone are as follows:

For the 1,200-1,300 m above sea level zone, the combination of farmers and coffee pulp compost fertilizer is the best.
For the 1,300-1,400 m above sea level zone, the use of shade with the trimming of the farmer system and phosphate fertilizer provides optimal production results.
For the 1,400-1,500 m above sea level zone, the use of shade with the trimming of the farmer system and phosphate fertilizer provides optimal production results.

Q: What is the relationship between altitude and coffee production?

A: There is a significant relationship between the height of the place and some of the chemical properties of the soil. In non-shaded conditions, the content of N, C, PH, and K correlates negatively with an increase in height, while the CTK and P have a positive relationship.

Q: How does the use of shade affect coffee production?

A: The use of shade has a positive effect on coffee production. In shaded conditions, the best production results are obtained with pruning recommendations.

Q: What is the impact of pruning on coffee production?

A: Pruning has a positive effect on coffee production. Good vegetative growth occurs in non-shaded conditions with pruning and organic fertilizer.

Q: What is the impact of fertilizing on coffee production?

A: Fertilizing has a positive effect on coffee production. The use of organic fertilizers such as manure and coffee pulp compost provides optimal production results.

Q: How can farmers improve their coffee production?

A: Farmers can improve their coffee production by implementing the optimal technology package for their altitude zone, improving soil properties, pruning and fertilizing their coffee plants, and using shade management.

Q: What are the economic benefits of implementing the optimal technology package?

A: The economic benefits of implementing the optimal technology package include increased coffee production and quality, improved farmer income, and increased economic benefits for local communities.

Q: What are the future research directions for this study?

A: The future research directions for this study include:

Long-term effects of technology package on coffee production and quality
Impact of climate change on coffee production and quality in Humbang Hasundutan Regency
Economic benefits of implementing the technology package and good agricultural practices

Q: What are the implications of this study for coffee farmers and related parties?

A: The implications of this study for coffee farmers and related parties are that they should implement the optimal technology package for their altitude zone, improve soil properties, prune and fertilize their coffee plants, and use shade management to improve their coffee production and quality.