Evaluation of LMR as a biomarker

Oct 13, 2025 by talynt.org 113 views

The Relationship Between Lymphocyte-Monocyte Ratio (LMR) with the Number of Coronary Artery Lesions in Acute Coronary Syndrome Patients

Introduction

Acute coronary syndrome (SKA) is a medical term that describes the condition of coronary artery disease associated with blood clots. In many cases, SKA is caused by atherosclerosis, which is a buildup of atheroma plaque that can clog blood flow to the heart. The inflammatory process has a significant role in the development of atherosclerosis. Research shows that a decrease in the number of lymphocytes and an increase in the number of monocytes can provide important indications in various cardiovascular conditions. The lymphocyte-monocyte (LMR) ratio has been identified as an independent predictor for patients with medium syntax scores. This study aims to investigate the relationship between LMR values and the number of coronary artery lesions in patients who experience acute coronary syndrome.

Background

Coronary artery disease is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. The inflammatory process plays a crucial role in the development of atherosclerosis, which is the underlying cause of coronary artery disease. The lymphocyte-monocyte ratio (LMR) has been identified as a potential biomarker for cardiovascular disease. Research has shown that a decrease in the number of lymphocytes and an increase in the number of monocytes can provide important indications in various cardiovascular conditions. The LMR ratio has been shown to be an independent predictor for patients with medium syntax scores.

Research Purposes

The purpose of this study is to identify the relationship between LMR values and the number of coronary artery lesions in patients who experience acute coronary syndrome. This study aims to investigate the potential of LMR as a biomarker for coronary artery disease and to identify the relationship between LMR values and the number of coronary artery lesions.

Research Methods

This study is an observational study involving 88 SKA patients treated at the Central General Hospital (RSUP) H. Adam Malik Medan from July to September 2019. In this study, each patient underwent LMR examination, blood laboratory analysis, and coronary angiography. The number of coronary arterial lesions is assessed using the vessel score method. The Cut-Off Point LMR value of the Vessel Score is determined through ROC analysis. Then, the LMR value is associated with a vessel score through Chi-Square analysis.

Research Design

This study is an observational study, which involves the collection of data from patients who have already experienced acute coronary syndrome. The study design is as follows:

Sample size: 88 patients with acute coronary syndrome
Sampling method: Convenience sampling
Data collection: LMR examination, blood laboratory analysis, and coronary angiography
Data analysis: ROC analysis and Chi-Square analysis

Research Result

Of the total 88 subjects studied, 35 subjects (39.8%) were diagnosed with a simple vessel disease (SVD), while 53 subjects (60.3%) experienced multi vessel disease (MVD). The results of the ROC analysis showed that the Cut-off LMR value of the Vessel Score was 1,221, with a sensitivity of 91.4% and a specificity of 79.2%, which showed a significant strength (p <0.001). Chi-square analysis also shows a strong and significant relationship between the LMR value and the vessel score (p <0.001).

Discussion

The results of this study show a significant relationship between the LMR value and the number of coronary arterial lesions in patients with acute coronary syndrome. This finding shows that LMR can be a valuable indicator in assessing the risk and development of coronary heart disease in SKA patients. The importance of understanding this ratio can help in the management and handling of patients more effectively in the future.

Conclusion

From the results of this study, it can be concluded that there is a significant relationship between the LMR value and the number of coronary arterial lesions in patients with acute coronary syndrome. This finding shows that LMR can be a valuable indicator in assessing the risk and development of coronary heart disease in SKA patients. The importance of understanding this ratio can help in the management and handling of patients more effectively in the future.

Recommendation

Based on the results of this study, the following recommendations can be made:

Further research: Further research is needed to explore the biological mechanism behind the influence of LMR on the development of coronary arterial lesions.
Evaluation of LMR as a biomarker: The potential of LMR as a biomarker for coronary artery disease should be evaluated in clinical practice.
Development of better therapy: Further research is expected to reveal more about the role of inflammation and immune systems in coronary heart disease, as well as assist in the development of better therapy.

Limitation

This study has several limitations, including:

Sample size: The sample size of this study is relatively small.
Sampling method: The sampling method used in this study is convenience sampling, which may not be representative of the population.
Data analysis: The data analysis used in this study is limited to ROC analysis and Chi-Square analysis.

Future Research

Future research should aim to explore the biological mechanism behind the influence of LMR on the development of coronary arterial lesions. Additionally, the potential of LMR as a biomarker for coronary artery disease should be evaluated in clinical practice. Further research is expected to reveal more about the role of inflammation and immune systems in coronary heart disease, as well as assist in the development of better therapy.
Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs) About the Relationship Between Lymphocyte-Monocyte Ratio (LMR) and Coronary Artery Lesions in Acute Coronary Syndrome Patients

Q: What is the lymphocyte-monocyte ratio (LMR)?

A: The lymphocyte-monocyte ratio (LMR) is a measure of the ratio of lymphocytes to monocytes in the blood. Lymphocytes are a type of white blood cell that plays a crucial role in the immune system, while monocytes are a type of white blood cell that helps to fight infection.

Q: What is the significance of LMR in acute coronary syndrome (ACS) patients?

A: Research has shown that a decrease in the number of lymphocytes and an increase in the number of monocytes can provide important indications in various cardiovascular conditions, including acute coronary syndrome (ACS). The LMR ratio has been identified as an independent predictor for patients with medium syntax scores.

Q: What is the relationship between LMR and coronary artery lesions in ACS patients?

A: The results of this study show a significant relationship between the LMR value and the number of coronary arterial lesions in patients with acute coronary syndrome. This finding shows that LMR can be a valuable indicator in assessing the risk and development of coronary heart disease in SKA patients.

Q: What are the implications of this study for the management and handling of ACS patients?

A: The importance of understanding the LMR ratio can help in the management and handling of patients more effectively in the future. This study suggests that LMR can be a valuable indicator in assessing the risk and development of coronary heart disease in SKA patients.

Q: What are the limitations of this study?

A: This study has several limitations, including a relatively small sample size and a convenience sampling method. Additionally, the data analysis used in this study is limited to ROC analysis and Chi-Square analysis.

Q: What are the potential applications of this study?

A: The findings of this study have potential applications in the diagnosis and management of acute coronary syndrome (ACS) patients. The LMR ratio may be used as a biomarker to assess the risk and development of coronary heart disease in SKA patients.

Q: What are the future research directions for this study?

A: Future research should aim to explore the biological mechanism behind the influence of LMR on the development of coronary arterial lesions. Additionally, the potential of LMR as a biomarker for coronary artery disease should be evaluated in clinical practice.

Q: What are the potential benefits of using LMR as a biomarker for coronary artery disease?

A: The use of LMR as a biomarker for coronary artery disease may have several potential benefits, including:

Early detection: LMR may be used to detect coronary artery disease at an early stage, allowing for early intervention and treatment.
Risk assessment: LMR may be used to assess the risk of developing coronary artery disease, allowing for targeted prevention and treatment strategies.
Personalized medicine: LMR may be used to tailor treatment strategies to individual patients, based on their unique risk profile and biomarker levels.

Q: What are the potential challenges of using LMR as a biomarker for coronary artery disease?

A: The use of LMR as a biomarker for coronary artery disease may have several potential challenges, including:

Standardization: LMR may need to be standardized across different laboratories and testing platforms to ensure consistency and accuracy.
Interpretation: LMR may require specialized interpretation and expertise to accurately assess risk and guide treatment decisions.
Cost: LMR may be more expensive than other biomarkers, which may limit its adoption in clinical practice.

Q: What are the next steps for this research?

A: The next steps for this research include:

Further exploration: Further research is needed to explore the biological mechanism behind the influence of LMR on the development of coronary arterial lesions.
Clinical evaluation: The potential of LMR as a biomarker for coronary artery disease should be evaluated in clinical practice.
Development of better therapy: Further research is expected to reveal more about the role of inflammation and immune systems in coronary heart disease, as well as assist in the development of better therapy.