Legal Regulation of Fisheries Criminal Acts

Oct 13, 2025 by talynt.org 111 views

Introduction

The Indonesian Exclusive Economic Zone (ZEE) in the Malacca Strait is a region rich in fisheries resources, with a vast potential for economic growth and food security. However, the protection and optimization of this potential are threatened by various fisheries crimes, including overfishing, illegal fishing, and destructive fishing practices. To address these challenges, the Ministry of Maritime Affairs and Fisheries, through the Directorate General of Maritime and Fisheries Resources Supervision, has committed to increasing supervision and law enforcement in the ZEE. This article discusses the legal regulation of fisheries criminal acts, law enforcement at the Belawan Marine and Fisheries Resources Supervision Station, and the efforts made to overcome the obstacles in law enforcement in the ZEE.

Legal Regulation of Fisheries Criminal Acts

In the context of ZEE, legal regulations related to fishery criminal offenses have been regulated in a number of international and national laws. The United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea (UNCLOS) provides an international legal framework that sets the rights and obligations of states in managing marine resources. Article 73 of UNCLOS emphasizes the importance of states in managing and conserving marine living resources, including fisheries. In addition, the National Fisheries Law (Law Number 45 of 2009) regulates special aspects related to the management and protection of fisheries resources, including sanctions for violators.

The National Fisheries Law provides a comprehensive framework for the management and protection of fisheries resources, including provisions on:

Fisheries Management: The law regulates the management of fisheries resources, including the establishment of fishing grounds, fishing seasons, and catch limits.
Sanctions for Violators: The law provides sanctions for violators of fisheries regulations, including fines, confiscation of fishing gear, and imprisonment.
Cooperation and Coordination: The law emphasizes the importance of cooperation and coordination between government agencies, fishing communities, and other stakeholders in the management and protection of fisheries resources.

Law Enforcement at Belawan Supervision Station

The Belawan Marine and Fisheries Resources Supervision Station is responsible for law enforcement of various violations that occurred in the ZEE. Although the government has established strict and effective sanctions, the implementation of law enforcement faces several challenges. Some of the obstacles that are often found include:

Limitations of Legal Structure

Some regulations may not be fully in accordance with the dynamics of modern fisheries, so that law enforcement becomes less effective. For example, the current regulations may not be able to address the issue of overfishing by foreign vessels, which is a major threat to the sustainability of fisheries resources in the ZEE.

Inadequate Legal Substance

Lack of clarity in regulations can also cause difficulties in law enforcement, where certain aspects are not regulated quite clearly. For example, the regulations may not provide clear guidelines on the types of fishing gear that are allowed or prohibited in the ZEE.

Lack of Understanding of Applicable Laws and Regulations

Without a good understanding of applicable laws and regulations, violations will continue to occur. For example, fishing communities may not be aware of the regulations on fishing seasons, catch limits, and fishing grounds, which can lead to overfishing and other fisheries crimes.

Efforts to Increase Law Enforcement

To overcome these various obstacles, several strategic steps are needed:

Capacity Building

Increase the capacity of related institutions to be able to carry out the function of supervision and law enforcement better. This can be achieved through training and capacity building programs for law enforcement officials, as well as the provision of necessary equipment and resources.

Legal Socialization

Educating the public about fisheries law and the importance of maintaining the sustainability of marine resources. This can be achieved through public awareness campaigns, community outreach programs, and education and training programs for fishing communities.

Reform of Regulation

Conduct an evaluation and revision of existing regulations to be more relevant and in accordance with the latest conditions. This can be achieved through a thorough review of the regulations, consultation with stakeholders, and the development of new regulations that are more effective in addressing the challenges of fisheries management.

Conclusion

Law enforcement against fisheries in ZEE Indonesia, especially in the Malacca Strait, is a complex challenge. Although regulations already exist, implementation in the field is often hampered by various factors. By increasing cooperation between the government, the community, and various related parties, it is hoped that law enforcement can run more effectively and contribute to the protection of fisheries resources in Indonesia. These efforts are not only important for the sustainability of natural resources, but also for the welfare of the community that depends on the fisheries sector.

Recommendations

Based on the analysis of the challenges and obstacles in law enforcement against fisheries in ZEE Indonesia, the following recommendations are made:

Strengthen Capacity Building: Increase the capacity of related institutions to be able to carry out the function of supervision and law enforcement better.
Improve Legal Socialization: Educate the public about fisheries law and the importance of maintaining the sustainability of marine resources.
Reform of Regulation: Conduct an evaluation and revision of existing regulations to be more relevant and in accordance with the latest conditions.
Increase Cooperation: Increase cooperation between the government, the community, and various related parties to ensure effective law enforcement and the protection of fisheries resources in Indonesia.

By implementing these recommendations, it is hoped that law enforcement against fisheries in ZEE Indonesia can be more effective and contribute to the protection of fisheries resources in Indonesia.

Introduction

The law enforcement of fisheries criminal acts in the Exclusive Economic Zone (ZEE) of the Malacca Strait is a complex issue that requires a comprehensive understanding of the regulations, challenges, and efforts made to address the problem. This article aims to provide answers to frequently asked questions (FAQs) on the topic, providing a clearer understanding of the issues and the solutions.

Q1: What is the Exclusive Economic Zone (ZEE) of the Malacca Strait?

A1: The Exclusive Economic Zone (ZEE) of the Malacca Strait is a region of the sea that is under the jurisdiction of Indonesia, with a width of 200 nautical miles from the baseline of the territorial sea. The ZEE is an important area for fisheries resources, with a vast potential for economic growth and food security.

Q2: What are the main challenges in law enforcement of fisheries criminal acts in the ZEE?

A2: The main challenges in law enforcement of fisheries criminal acts in the ZEE include:

Limitations of Legal Structure: Some regulations may not be fully in accordance with the dynamics of modern fisheries, so that law enforcement becomes less effective.
Inadequate Legal Substance: Lack of clarity in regulations can also cause difficulties in law enforcement, where certain aspects are not regulated quite clearly.
Lack of Understanding of Applicable Laws and Regulations: Without a good understanding of applicable laws and regulations, violations will continue to occur.

Q3: What are the efforts made to increase law enforcement in the ZEE?

A3: The efforts made to increase law enforcement in the ZEE include:

Capacity Building: Increase the capacity of related institutions to be able to carry out the function of supervision and law enforcement better.
Legal Socialization: Educate the public about fisheries law and the importance of maintaining the sustainability of marine resources.
Reform of Regulation: Conduct an evaluation and revision of existing regulations to be more relevant and in accordance with the latest conditions.

Q4: What is the role of the Belawan Marine and Fisheries Resources Supervision Station in law enforcement of fisheries criminal acts in the ZEE?

A4: The Belawan Marine and Fisheries Resources Supervision Station is responsible for law enforcement of various violations that occurred in the ZEE. The station is equipped with modern facilities and equipment to carry out its functions, including surveillance, inspection, and enforcement.

Q5: How can the public contribute to the protection of fisheries resources in the ZEE?

A5: The public can contribute to the protection of fisheries resources in the ZEE by:

Reporting Violations: Report any violations of fisheries regulations to the authorities.
Participating in Fisheries Management: Participate in fisheries management activities, such as fishing gear management and catch monitoring.
Supporting Sustainable Fisheries: Support sustainable fisheries practices, such as using eco-friendly fishing gear and reducing bycatch.

Q6: What are the benefits of effective law enforcement of fisheries criminal acts in the ZEE?

A6: The benefits of effective law enforcement of fisheries criminal acts in the ZEE include:

Protection of Fisheries Resources: Effective law enforcement can protect fisheries resources from overfishing and other forms of exploitation.
Promotion of Sustainable Fisheries: Effective law enforcement can promote sustainable fisheries practices, such as using eco-friendly fishing gear and reducing bycatch.
Economic Benefits: Effective law enforcement can generate economic benefits for the community, through the creation of jobs and the promotion of sustainable fisheries.

Conclusion

The law enforcement of fisheries criminal acts in the Exclusive Economic Zone (ZEE) of the Malacca Strait is a complex issue that requires a comprehensive understanding of the regulations, challenges, and efforts made to address the problem. By understanding the FAQs on the topic, we can better appreciate the importance of effective law enforcement in protecting fisheries resources and promoting sustainable fisheries practices.