Strengthening legal protection for wives and children

Oct 13, 2025 by talynt.org 133 views

Unseen Divorce According to Law Number 1 of 1974 and Islamic Law Compilation: Case Study of Decision Number 1831/Pdt.G/2018/PA.Mdn

Introduction

Marriage is a fundamental institution in society, recognized by social law and norms, aiming to create a harmonious household and raise offspring. However, marital relations often experience mismatch, leading to divorce. One of the primary causes of divorce is the disappearance of one party without giving news for an extended period, causing uncertainty about the marital status. In this context, the authors examine the phenomenon of "unseen divorce," which occurs when one of the couples is unknown. This study refers to Law Number 1 of 1974 and the Compilation of Islamic Law, focusing on the case study of decision number 1831/Pdt.G/2018/PA.Mdn.

Background

Marriage is a complex institution that involves two individuals, their families, and the broader society. It is a bond that is recognized by social law and norms, aiming to create a harmonious household and raise offspring. However, marital relations often experience mismatch, leading to divorce. One of the primary causes of divorce is the disappearance of one party without giving news for an extended period, causing uncertainty about the marital status. This phenomenon is known as "unseen divorce," which occurs when one of the couples is unknown.

Theoretical Framework

The concept of unseen divorce is regulated in Government Regulation Number 9 of 1975, which is the implementation of the Marriage Law. This regulation provides that a marriage is considered dissolved if one party has been absent for two years without giving news. In addition, the Compilation of Islamic Law also includes provisions regarding divorce in Article 45 and Article 116 letter b, which states that one party can file for divorce after being left for two years in a row.

Methodology

This study uses a normative juridical approach, focusing on reviewing relevant legal sources, including theories and legal principles relating to divorce, as well as analyzing the decision of the relevant court. The results showed that the unseen divorce was regulated in Government Regulation Number 9 of 1975, which was the implementation of the Marriage Law. In addition, the compilation of Islamic law also includes provisions regarding divorce in Article 45 and Article 116 letter b, which states that one party can file for divorce after being left for two years in a row.

Case Study

The case study of decision number 1831/Pdt.G/2018/PA.Mdn is a significant example of unseen divorce. In this case, the husband disappeared without giving news for an extended period, causing uncertainty about the marital status. The wife filed a lawsuit to dissolve the marriage, citing the husband's absence as the reason. The court ultimately ruled in favor of the wife, recognizing that the marital status had ended legally, even though the husband was unknown.

Implications

Unseen divorce has significant legal implications, especially in providing certainty of marital status for the parties left behind. The verdict regarding the unseen divorce with legal force recognizes that the marital status has ended legally, even though one party is unknown. However, even though this decision provides certainty of status, legal protection for wives and children may not be fully guaranteed. The rights of the wife in terms of living during the Iddah period, child custody, and the living of physically and mentally cannot be met if the husband is not present or is unknown.

Conclusion

From this study, it was clear that although legal mechanisms related to divorce were unseen, there were still deficiencies in terms of protection of rights for the parties left behind. This shows the importance of the need for attention and change in the legal system to ensure that all parties in marriage have adequate rights and protection, even in complicated situations such as unseen divorce. Efforts to strengthen legal protection for individuals who are forced to deal with this situation must be the focus of legal renewal in the future.

Recommendations

Based on the findings of this study, the following recommendations are made:

Strengthening legal protection for wives and children: The legal system should provide adequate protection for wives and children in cases of unseen divorce. This can be achieved by providing clear guidelines on the rights of wives and children during the Iddah period, child custody, and living arrangements.
Improving communication between spouses: The legal system should encourage communication between spouses, especially in cases of marital disputes. This can be achieved by providing counseling services and mediation programs to help couples resolve their differences.
Enhancing legal education: The legal system should provide education and training to judges, lawyers, and other legal professionals on the complexities of unseen divorce. This can help ensure that legal decisions are made with the best interests of all parties involved.
Promoting social awareness: The legal system should promote social awareness about the importance of marriage and the consequences of unseen divorce. This can be achieved through public education campaigns and community outreach programs.

Limitations

This study has several limitations, including:

Limited scope: This study only examined the phenomenon of unseen divorce in Indonesia, and the findings may not be generalizable to other countries.
Limited data: The study relied on a single case study, which may not be representative of all cases of unseen divorce.
Limited analysis: The study only analyzed the legal aspects of unseen divorce, and did not examine the social and cultural factors that contribute to this phenomenon.

Future Research Directions

Future research should focus on the following areas:

Comparative study: A comparative study of unseen divorce in different countries can provide valuable insights into the legal and social factors that contribute to this phenomenon.
Qualitative study: A qualitative study of the experiences of wives and children in cases of unseen divorce can provide a deeper understanding of the social and cultural factors that contribute to this phenomenon.
Quantitative study: A quantitative study of the prevalence of unseen divorce in Indonesia can provide valuable data on the scope of this phenomenon.

Conclusion

In conclusion, this study provides a comprehensive analysis of the phenomenon of unseen divorce in Indonesia. The findings highlight the importance of strengthening legal protection for wives and children, improving communication between spouses, enhancing legal education, and promoting social awareness. Future research should focus on comparative studies, qualitative studies, and quantitative studies to provide a deeper understanding of this complex phenomenon.
Q&A: Unseen Divorce According to Law Number 1 of 1974 and Islamic Law Compilation

Introduction

Unseen divorce is a complex phenomenon that affects many individuals in Indonesia. In this Q&A article, we will address some of the most frequently asked questions about unseen divorce, including its definition, causes, and legal implications.

Q: What is unseen divorce?

A: Unseen divorce is a type of divorce that occurs when one party is unknown or has disappeared without giving news for an extended period. This can cause uncertainty about the marital status and can lead to legal complications.

Q: What are the causes of unseen divorce?

A: The causes of unseen divorce can be varied, but some of the most common reasons include:

Disappearance of one party: When one party disappears without giving news, it can cause uncertainty about the marital status and can lead to unseen divorce.
Marital disputes: Marital disputes can lead to one party leaving the other without giving news, which can result in unseen divorce.
Abandonment: Abandonment by one party can also lead to unseen divorce.

Q: What are the legal implications of unseen divorce?

A: The legal implications of unseen divorce can be significant, including:

Certainty of marital status: Unseen divorce can provide certainty of marital status for the parties left behind.
Legal protection: Unseen divorce can also provide legal protection for wives and children, including rights to living during the Iddah period, child custody, and living arrangements.
Complexity of legal proceedings: Unseen divorce can also lead to complex legal proceedings, including court hearings and legal battles.

Q: How can unseen divorce be prevented?

A: Unseen divorce can be prevented by:

Improving communication between spouses: Improving communication between spouses can help prevent marital disputes and abandonment.
Strengthening legal protection: Strengthening legal protection for wives and children can also help prevent unseen divorce.
Promoting social awareness: Promoting social awareness about the importance of marriage and the consequences of unseen divorce can also help prevent this phenomenon.

Q: What are the rights of wives and children in cases of unseen divorce?

A: The rights of wives and children in cases of unseen divorce can include:

Living during the Iddah period: Wives have the right to live during the Iddah period, which is a period of waiting after the husband's disappearance.
Child custody: Children have the right to child custody, which can be granted to the mother or father depending on the circumstances.
Living arrangements: Wives and children have the right to living arrangements, including housing and financial support.

Q: How can unseen divorce be resolved?

A: Unseen divorce can be resolved through:

Court hearings: Court hearings can be held to determine the marital status and provide legal protection for wives and children.
Mediation: Mediation can be used to resolve disputes between spouses and prevent unseen divorce.
Counseling: Counseling can be used to help spouses resolve their differences and prevent unseen divorce.

Conclusion

In conclusion, unseen divorce is a complex phenomenon that affects many individuals in Indonesia. By understanding the causes, legal implications, and rights of wives and children, we can work towards preventing this phenomenon and providing legal protection for those affected.