The Impact of Induction Motor Starting on the Electrical System

Oct 13, 2025 by talynt.org 5 views

Introduction

Voltage or Voltage Sag is a transient phenomenon in the electrical system that occurs due to disturbance, especially when starting large capacity motors such as induction motors. This action process can cause very high starting currents, reaching 5 to 10 times the nominal current, thus triggering a voltage blinking in the electricity network. In this context, the experiment was conducted at the Electric Workshop of the Medan Work Exercise Center (BBLKI) using an induction motor with a specifications of 5 HP, 220 V, and 1440 rpm.

The Impact of Induction Motor Starting on the Electrical System

The starting of an induction motor can have a significant impact on the electrical system. The high starting current can cause a voltage sag, which can affect the performance of other equipment that is connected in the same network. In this study, the experiment was conducted to analyze the impact of the starting of an induction motor on the electrical system. The results show that the voltage sag can reach up to 46.159%, which is a significant impact on the electrical system.

Direct On Line (DOL) Method

In the first experiment, the Direct On Line (DOL) method was used to start the induction motor. The results show that the voltage sag reaches 46.159% with a start current of 16.879 A, which is six times the normal current. This shows how significant the high initial current impact on stress stability on the electricity system.

Star-Delta Sequence Method

Another investigation method analyzed is the use of the Star-Delta sequence method. The results show that the voltage sag also reaches 46.15% with a start current of 9,745 A, where this current is also six times the normal current. This approach is slightly more efficient than the DOL method because it can reduce the surge in current, but the impact on the voltage sag remains significant.

Autotransformer Method

Another investigation method analyzed is the use of autotransformer. With varying tap settings, namely 60%, 70%, and 80%, the start current is obtained by 10 A, 11 A, and 13 A. In these three conditions, the stress remains around 46.15%, indicating that although there are variations in the start current, the impact on the blinking voltage remains consistent.

The Role of Matlab Program in Voltage Sag Analysis

The Matlab program becomes a very useful tool in analyzing and modeling this phenomenon. With the right programming, the simulation results can provide an accurate picture of the state of the system when the motorcycle inhalation is carried out, thus helping technicians and engineers in planning the steps needed to maintain the stability of the voltage in the workshop or other electrical installations.

Importance of Voltage Sag Analysis

Analysis of voltage stress is not just technical numbers, but is also a crucial aspect in the management and operation of an efficient and safe electrical system. With adequate knowledge, it is hoped that the right solution can be found to overcome this problem, improve the quality of electricity that is supplied and extending the life of the existing device.

Conclusion

In conclusion, the experiment conducted at the Electric Workshop of the Medan Work Exercise Center (BBLKI) using an induction motor with a specifications of 5 HP, 220 V, and 1440 rpm, shows that the voltage sag can reach up to 46.159% when starting the motor. The results also show that the use of autotransformer can reduce the start current, but the impact on the voltage sag remains consistent. The Matlab program becomes a very useful tool in analyzing and modeling this phenomenon, and it is hoped that the right solution can be found to overcome this problem, improve the quality of electricity that is supplied and extending the life of the existing device.

Recommendations

Based on the results of this study, the following recommendations are made:

The use of autotransformer can be considered as a solution to reduce the start current and minimize the impact on the voltage sag.
The Matlab program can be used as a tool to analyze and model the phenomenon of voltage sag, and to plan the steps needed to maintain the stability of the voltage in the workshop or other electrical installations.
Further research is needed to investigate the impact of other factors on the voltage sag, such as the type of motor and the load connected to the motor.

Limitations of the Study

This study has several limitations, including:

The experiment was conducted using a single induction motor, and the results may not be applicable to other types of motors.
The study only analyzed the impact of the starting of the motor on the voltage sag, and did not consider other factors that may affect the voltage sag.
The study only used the Matlab program to analyze and model the phenomenon of voltage sag, and did not consider other tools or methods that may be used to analyze and model this phenomenon.

Future Research Directions

Future research directions include:

Investigating the impact of other factors on the voltage sag, such as the type of motor and the load connected to the motor.
Developing new methods and tools to analyze and model the phenomenon of voltage sag.
Conducting experiments to validate the results of this study and to investigate the impact of other factors on the voltage sag.

Conclusion

In conclusion, this study has shown that the voltage sag can reach up to 46.159% when starting an induction motor, and that the use of autotransformer can reduce the start current, but the impact on the voltage sag remains consistent. The Matlab program becomes a very useful tool in analyzing and modeling this phenomenon, and it is hoped that the right solution can be found to overcome this problem, improve the quality of electricity that is supplied and extending the life of the existing device.

Introduction

Q&A

Q: What is Voltage Sag?

A: Voltage Sag is a transient phenomenon in the electrical system that occurs due to disturbance, especially when starting large capacity motors such as induction motors.

Q: What is the impact of induction motor starting on the electrical system?

A: The starting of an induction motor can have a significant impact on the electrical system. The high starting current can cause a voltage sag, which can affect the performance of other equipment that is connected in the same network.

Q: What is the Direct On Line (DOL) method?

A: The Direct On Line (DOL) method is a method used to start the induction motor. In this method, the motor is connected directly to the power source, and the starting current is high.

Q: What is the Star-Delta sequence method?

A: The Star-Delta sequence method is another method used to start the induction motor. In this method, the motor is connected in a star configuration during starting, and then switched to a delta configuration after the motor reaches a certain speed.

Q: What is the autotransformer method?

A: The autotransformer method is a method used to reduce the starting current of the induction motor. In this method, an autotransformer is used to reduce the voltage applied to the motor during starting.

Q: What is the role of Matlab program in voltage sag analysis?

A: The Matlab program becomes a very useful tool in analyzing and modeling this phenomenon. With the right programming, the simulation results can provide an accurate picture of the state of the system when the motorcycle inhalation is carried out, thus helping technicians and engineers in planning the steps needed to maintain the stability of the voltage in the workshop or other electrical installations.

Q: Why is voltage sag analysis important?

A: Analysis of voltage stress is not just technical numbers, but is also a crucial aspect in the management and operation of an efficient and safe electrical system. With adequate knowledge, it is hoped that the right solution can be found to overcome this problem, improve the quality of electricity that is supplied and extending the life of the existing device.

Q: What are the limitations of this study?

A: This study has several limitations, including:

The experiment was conducted using a single induction motor, and the results may not be applicable to other types of motors.
The study only analyzed the impact of the starting of the motor on the voltage sag, and did not consider other factors that may affect the voltage sag.
The study only used the Matlab program to analyze and model the phenomenon of voltage sag, and did not consider other tools or methods that may be used to analyze and model this phenomenon.

Q: What are the future research directions?

A: Future research directions include:

Investigating the impact of other factors on the voltage sag, such as the type of motor and the load connected to the motor.
Developing new methods and tools to analyze and model the phenomenon of voltage sag.
Conducting experiments to validate the results of this study and to investigate the impact of other factors on the voltage sag.