The Influence of Ownership Structure on Dividend Policies in Companies Listed on LQ45

Oct 13, 2025 by talynt.org 63 views

The Influence of Ownership Structure on Dividend Policies in Companies Listed on LQ45

Introduction

In the world of investment, dividend policy is one of the most crucial aspects that investors consider when making decisions. For companies listed in the LQ45 index on the Indonesia Stock Exchange, understanding the factors that influence dividend policies is essential for investors to make informed decisions. The LQ45 index consists of 45 company shares with the largest market liquidity and capitalization, making it a significant benchmark for investors. This study aims to identify and analyze the effect of ownership structure, including managerial ownership and institutional ownership, on dividend policies in companies listed on LQ45. Additionally, this study considers the effect of leverage, return on asset (ROA), and company size as control variables.

Literature Review

Previous studies have shown that ownership structure has a significant impact on dividend policies in companies. Managerial ownership, which refers to the ownership of shares by company managers, can influence dividend policies as managers may prioritize profit reinvestment over dividend distribution. Institutional ownership, which includes institutions such as pension funds and insurance companies, can also play a significant role in encouraging companies to provide dividends. These institutions tend to support policies that prioritize long-term investor satisfaction, including stable dividend payments.

Leverage, which refers to the use of debt for financing, can also influence dividend policies. Companies with high debt may feel pressured to maintain cash flow to pay debts, which can affect their decision to distribute dividends to shareholders. Return on asset (ROA), which measures management efficiency in generating profits from assets possessed, can also impact dividend policies. Companies with good financial performance tend to be more willing to distribute dividends to shareholders.

Methodology

This study uses secondary data taken from the Indonesia Stock Exchange website (www.idx.co.id) and involves 16 of 45 companies listed on LQ45 during the period 2011 to 2013. The analytical method used is multiple linear regression to measure the relationship between these variables.

Results

The results showed that simultaneously, managerial ownership, institutional ownership, leverage, ROA, and company size had a significant influence on dividend policies on companies listed on LQ45. However, in partial testing, managerial ownership, leverage, and company size do not show a significant effect on dividend policy. On the other hand, institutional ownership and ROA are proven to have a positive and significant influence on dividend policies. What's more, ROA shows the dominant effect in determining the company's dividend policy.

Additional Analysis and Explanation

More in-depth analysis of the results of this study shows that the structure of ownership in the company has a significant implication in determining the distribution policy of dividend. Institutional ownership, which usually includes institutions such as pension funds and insurance companies, plays an important role in encouraging companies to provide dividends. These institutions tend to support policies that prioritize long-term investor satisfaction, including stable dividend payments.

Meanwhile, managerial ownership can have a variety of effects. In some cases, managers who have shares can prefer profit reinvestment rather than distributing them as dividends, especially if they believe that there will be better investment opportunities in the future. This explains why managerial ownership does not show a significant effect on dividend policies in this study.

Leverage, which refers to the use of debt for financing, also plays a role in dividend policy. Companies that have high debt may feel pressured to maintain cash flow so that they can still pay debts, so as to influence their decision to distribute dividends to shareholders. However, the results showed that this did not significantly affect dividend policies in analyzed companies.

ROA, which measures management efficiency in generating profits from assets possessed, shows the dominant effect on dividend policies. This indicates that companies that have good financial performance tend to be more willing to distribute dividends to shareholders.

Conclusion

Overall, this research provides valuable insights for investors and other stakeholders about how ownership structure and other financial factors can influence company decisions in determining dividend policies. Realizing this, investors can make wiser decisions based on the analysis of ownership structure and company financial performance.

Implications

The findings of this study have several implications for investors and other stakeholders. Firstly, investors should consider the ownership structure of companies when making investment decisions. Companies with high institutional ownership and good financial performance tend to be more likely to distribute dividends to shareholders. Secondly, investors should be aware of the potential impact of leverage on dividend policies. Companies with high debt may feel pressured to maintain cash flow, which can affect their decision to distribute dividends.

Limitations

This study has several limitations. Firstly, the sample size is relatively small, consisting of only 16 companies listed on LQ45. Secondly, the study only considers the effect of ownership structure and other financial factors on dividend policies, and does not consider other potential factors that may influence dividend policies.

Future Research Directions

Future research should aim to address the limitations of this study. Firstly, a larger sample size should be used to increase the generalizability of the findings. Secondly, other potential factors that may influence dividend policies should be considered, such as corporate governance and industry characteristics.

References

[1] Indonesia Stock Exchange. (n.d.). Retrieved from https://www.idx.co.id/
[2] LQ45 Index. (n.d.). Retrieved from https://www.idx.co.id/lq45
[3] Dividend Policy. (n.d.). Retrieved from https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dividend_policy

Appendices

[1] List of Companies Included in the Study.
[2] Descriptive Statistics of the Variables.
[3] Regression Analysis Results.
Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs) about the Influence of Ownership Structure on Dividend Policies in Companies Listed on LQ45

Q: What is the LQ45 index and why is it important?

A: The LQ45 index is a benchmark index of the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) that consists of 45 company shares with the largest market liquidity and capitalization. It is an important benchmark for investors to measure the performance of companies listed on the IDX.

Q: What is the purpose of this study?

A: The purpose of this study is to identify and analyze the effect of ownership structure, including managerial ownership and institutional ownership, on dividend policies in companies listed on LQ45.

Q: What are the key findings of this study?

A: The key findings of this study are that institutional ownership and return on asset (ROA) have a positive and significant influence on dividend policies, while managerial ownership, leverage, and company size do not show a significant effect on dividend policy.

Q: What is the implication of this study for investors?

A: The findings of this study have several implications for investors. Firstly, investors should consider the ownership structure of companies when making investment decisions. Companies with high institutional ownership and good financial performance tend to be more likely to distribute dividends to shareholders. Secondly, investors should be aware of the potential impact of leverage on dividend policies.

Q: What are the limitations of this study?

A: The limitations of this study are that the sample size is relatively small, consisting of only 16 companies listed on LQ45, and that the study only considers the effect of ownership structure and other financial factors on dividend policies, and does not consider other potential factors that may influence dividend policies.

Q: What are the future research directions?

A: Future research should aim to address the limitations of this study. Firstly, a larger sample size should be used to increase the generalizability of the findings. Secondly, other potential factors that may influence dividend policies should be considered, such as corporate governance and industry characteristics.

Q: What are the practical implications of this study for companies listed on LQ45?

A: The findings of this study have several practical implications for companies listed on LQ45. Firstly, companies with high institutional ownership and good financial performance tend to be more likely to distribute dividends to shareholders. Secondly, companies with high debt may feel pressured to maintain cash flow, which can affect their decision to distribute dividends.

Q: What are the implications of this study for policymakers?

A: The findings of this study have several implications for policymakers. Firstly, policymakers should consider the ownership structure of companies when making decisions about dividend policies. Secondly, policymakers should be aware of the potential impact of leverage on dividend policies.

Q: What are the implications of this study for regulators?

A: The findings of this study have several implications for regulators. Firstly, regulators should consider the ownership structure of companies when making decisions about dividend policies. Secondly, regulators should be aware of the potential impact of leverage on dividend policies.

Q: What are the implications of this study for investors in emerging markets?

A: The findings of this study have several implications for investors in emerging markets. Firstly, investors should consider the ownership structure of companies when making investment decisions. Secondly, investors should be aware of the potential impact of leverage on dividend policies.

Q: What are the implications of this study for investors in developed markets?

A: The findings of this study have several implications for investors in developed markets. Firstly, investors should consider the ownership structure of companies when making investment decisions. Secondly, investors should be aware of the potential impact of leverage on dividend policies.

Q: What are the implications of this study for investors in general?

A: The findings of this study have several implications for investors in general. Firstly, investors should consider the ownership structure of companies when making investment decisions. Secondly, investors should be aware of the potential impact of leverage on dividend policies.